Thiram

Synonyms

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide; Thiuram; TMTD; TMT; TMTDS; Attack; Arasan; Aules; Fermide 850; Fernasan; FMC 2070; Hexathir; Mercuram; Micropearls; Nomersan; Pomarsol; Puralin; Rezifilm; Rhodiasan Express; Spotrete; Tersan; Thiosan; Thiotox; Thiramad; Thirame; Thiuramin; Thirasan; Tirampa; Tiuramyl; TMTC; TMTD 50 Borches; Trametan; Tuads; Tulisan

Category

Dithiocarbamates (Pesticide)

Description

Colorless to yellow, crystalline solid with a characteristic odor. [Note: Commercial pesticide products may be dyed blue; [NIOSH]

Sources/Uses

Used as a crop fungicide and seed protectant; also used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals; [EXTOXNET] Used as a fungicide applied to foliage; Also used in seed treatment, as a rodent repellent, a vulcanizing agent, and additive to lubricating oil; [ACGIH]

Comments

An irritant and a skin sensitizer, thiram is classified as "slightly toxic." [EXTOXNET] No increased tumors in chronic studies of rodents; "Reproductive endpoints are not generally altered and the fetal animal does not appear to be more sensitive." [ACGIH] The EBCDCs (ethylenebisdithiocarbamates) can cause irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. EBDCs include ferbam, vapam, maneb, mancozeb, zineb, thiram, and ziram. They are also used as rubber accelerators. Ethylene thiourea (ETU), which may contaminate EBCDCs, is carcinogenic and teratogenic in animal experiments. [LaDou, p. 610] ETU is the major metabolite of EBDCs. [Krieger, p. 1690] See the agent, "Ethylene thiourea."

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

Insufficient data

0.05 mg/m3, inhalable fraction and vapor

5 mg/m3

1 mg/m3, inhalable fraction

100 mg/m3

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for thiram is 100 mg/m3 based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Marhold 1986]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute inhalation toxicity data for workers.

1.72E-05 mm Hg

LC50 (rat) = 500 mg/m3/4H

Explanatory Notes

VP from HSDB;

Reference Link #2

Yes

Not classifiable

Not Classifiable

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

• Contact dermatitis, allergic

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Farming (Pesticides)