Aniline

Agent Name
Aniline
CAS Number
62-53-3
Formula
C6-H7-N
Major Category
Nitrogen Compounds
Aniline formula graphical representation
Synonyms
Aminobenzene; Aminophen; Anilin [Czech]; Anilina [Italian, Polish]; Aniline; Aniline oil; Anyvim; Arylamine; Benzenamine; Benzene, amino; Benzidam; Blue Oil; C.I. 76000; C.I. Oxidation Base 1; CI 76000; CI Oxidation Base 1; Cyanol; Huile d'aniline [French]; Krystallin; Kyanol; Phenylamine; [ChemIDplus] UN1547
Category
Amines, Aromatic
Description
Colorless to brown, oily liquid with an aromatic amine-like odor; Note: A solid below 21 degrees F; [NIOSH]
Sources/Uses
Used in the synthesis of dyes, rubber additives, drugs, photographic chemicals, isocyanates, and pesticides. [ACGIH] Shake-out operators and other foundry workers were exposed to aniline from the decomposition of heated cold-box binders. [Appl Occup Environ Hyg 2001 Jan;16(1):66-77]
Comments
Skin contamination is the most common route of occupational exposure. Proper plant design and strict industrial hygiene are necessary to prevent spills and clothing contamination. [ILO Encyclo, Aromatic Amino Compounds] Listed in a table of "Industrial Chemicals for Which Methemoglobin Formation is the Principal Cause of Toxicity"; [ACGIH] A severe eye irritant; Mild symptoms of methemoglobinemia have been reported after several hours exposure to 7-53 ppm. [CHEMINFO] See 2021 (Volume 127) monograph at IARC.
Biomedical References

Exposure Assessment

BEI
Total p-aminophenol in urine = 50 mg/L; sample at end of shift; (See notations in ACGIH TLVs and BEIs.)
Skin Designation (ACGIH)
Yes
TLV (ACGIH)
2 ppm
PEL (OSHA)
5 ppm
MAK
2 ppm
IDLH (NIOSH)
100 ppm
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs
Human data: Volunteers tolerated 1-hour exposures ranging from 100-160 ppm with only moderate adverse health effects (undefined) [von Oettingen 1941]. It has also been reported that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious consequence [Henderson and Haggard 1943] and that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes [AIHA 1955].
Vapor Pressure
0.667 mm Hg
Odor Threshold Low
0.58 ppm
Odor Threshold High
10 ppm
Lethal Concentration
LCLo (rat) = 250 ppm/4H
Explanatory Notes
Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 2.4 ppm); Flash point = 70 deg C; VP from HSDB;
Half Life
Whole body: 4 hours; [TDR, p. 100]
NFPA
high ambient temp required

Adverse Effects

Methemoglobinemia
MetHgb is primary toxic effect
IARC Carcinogen
Probable (2a)
ACGIH Carcinogen
Confirmed Animal

Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

Activities

Activities with risk of exposure: