C.I. Direct Brown 95

Synonyms

Aizen Primula Brown BRLH; Aizen Primula Brown PLH; Amanil Fast Brown BRL; Amanil Supra Brown LBL; Atlantic Fast Brown BRL; Atlantic Resin Fast Brown BRL; Belamine Fast Brown BRLL; Benzamil Supra Brown BRLL; Benzanil Supra Brown BRLL; Benzanil Supra Brown BRLN; Brown 4EMBL; C.I. 30145; C.I. Direct Brown; CI 30145; Calcodur Brown BRL; Chloramine Fast Brown BRL; Chloramine Fast Brown BRLL; Chloramine Fast Cutch Brown PL; Chlorantine Fast Brown BRLL; Chrome Leather Brown BRLL; Chrome Leather Brown BRSL; Cuprate(2-),(5-((4'-((2,6-dihydroxy-3-((2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenyl)azo)phenyl)azo)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)azo)-2-hydroxybenzoato(4-)), disodium; Cuprofix Brown GL; Derma Fast Brown W-GL; Dermafix Brown PL; Dialuminous Brown BRS; Diaphtamine Light Brown BRLL; Diaphthamine Light Brown BRLL; Diazine Fast Brown RSL; Diazol Light Brown BRN; Dicorel Brown LMR; Diphenyl Fast Brown BRL; Direct Brown 95; Direct Brown 95 (technical grade); Direct Brown BRL; Direct Fast Brown BRL; Direct Fast Brown LMR; Direct Light Brown BRS; Direct Supra Light Brown ML; Durazol Brown BR; DuroFast Brown BRL; Eliamina Light Brown BRL; Enianil Light Brown BRL; Fastolite Brown BRL; Fastusol Brown LBRSA; Fastusol Brown LBRSN; Fenaluz Brown BRL; Helion Brown BRSL; Hispaluz Brown BRL; Hned prima 95 [Czech]; Ismafast Brown BRSL; KCA Light Fast Brown; Kayarus Supra Brown BRS; KCA Light Fast Brown BR; Paranol Fast Brown BRL; Peeramine Fast Brown BRL; Pontamine Fast Brown BRL; Pontamine Fast Brown NP; Pyrazol Fast Brown BRL; Pyrazoline Brown BRL; Saturn Brown LBR; Sirius Supra Brown BRL; Sirius Supra Brown BRS; Solantine Brown BRL; Solar Brown PL; Solex Brown R; Solius Light Brown BRLL; Solius Light Brown BRS; Sumilight Supra Brown BRS; Suprazo Brown BRL; Suprexcel Brown BRL; Tertrodirect Fast Brown BR; Tetramine Fast Brown BRDN Extra; Tetramine Fast Brown BRP; Tetramine Fast Brown BRS; Triantine Brown BRS; Triantine Fast Brown OG; Triantine Fast Brown OR; Triantine Light Brown BRS; Triantine Light Brown OG; [ChemIDplus]

Category

Benzidine Dyes

Description

Dark brown or black solid; [CAMEO]

Sources/Uses

Used for dyeing silk, cotton, wool, acetate, cellulose, wood, nylon, leather, paper, and certain plastics; [HSDB] In a NIOSH survey of US industries in 1972-1974, workers were exposed to Direct Black 38, Direct Brown 95, and Direct Blue 6 (benzidine-based dyes) in the textiles, paper, and leather industries; [Zenz, p. 709]

Comments

A benzidine-based dye that caused neoplastic liver nodules in 4/8 female rats and hepatocellular carcinoma in one rat after a 13-week high-dose feeding study; Benzidine-based dyes are probably carcinogenic in humans (Group 2A); [IARC] One of the azo dyes metabolized to benzidine--known to be a human carcinogen; [NTP] In high-dose feeding studies, all animals fed 375 mg/kg or more exhibited biliary hyperplasia; [HSDB] May cause injury to liver and kidneys; [CAMEO]

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion

Established

Human carcinogen

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

• Bladder cancer

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Leather Tanning and Processing
• Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
• Pulp and Paper Processing
• Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)