1,1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane
Agent Name
1,1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane
CAS Number
594-72-9
Formula
C2-H3-Cl2-N-O2
Major Category
Nitrogen Compounds
Synonyms
1,1-Dichloor-1-nitroethaan [Dutch]; 1,1-Dichlor-1-nitroaethan [German]; 1,1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane; 1,1-Dicloro-1-nitroetano [Italian]; Dichloro-1-nitroethane; Dichloronitroethane; Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-nitro-; Ethide; [ChemIDplus] UN2650
Category
Nitros, Aliphatic
Description
Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor; [NIOSH]
Sources/Uses
Used in the synthesis of fumigants, insecticides, and rubber cements; [ACGIH]
Comments
Inhalation studies of animals show lung edema, congestion, and hemorrhage. The heart, blood vessels, liver, and kidneys are also damaged. [ACGIH] A lachrymator; [CHEMINFO]
Biomedical References
Exposure Assessment
Skin Designation (ACGIH)
Insufficient data
TLV (ACGIH)
2 ppm
PEL (OSHA)
Ceiling(OSHA) = 10 ppm
IDLH (NIOSH)
25 ppm
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the study by Machle et al. [1945] in which autopsies on animals exposed to over 170 ppm for over 30 minutes revealed pulmonary edema and hemorrhage, with damage to the heart, liver, and kidneys. . . . Other animal data: Animals have tolerated 25 ppm for 204 hours [ Machle et al. 1945]. Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
Vapor Pressure
16 mm Hg
Lethal Concentration
LCLo (guinea pigs) = 580 mg/m3/6H
Explanatory Notes
Flash point = 76 deg C; VP from HSDB;
NFPA
high ambient temp required
Adverse Effects
Lachrymator
Yes
Toxic Pneumonitis
Yes
Hepatotoxin
Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion
Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent
Other Information
No other related information on this agent was found.