T-2 toxin

Agent Name
T-2 toxin
CAS Number
21259-20-1
Formula
C24-H34-O9
Major Category
Biological Agents
T-2 toxin formula graphical representation
Synonyms
12,13-Epoxytrichothec-9-ene-3,4,8,15-tetrol 4,15-diacetate 8-(3-methylbutanoate); 12,13-Epoxytrichothec-9-ene-3-alpha,4-beta,8-alpha,15-tetrol 4,15-diacetate 8-isovalerate; 12,13-Epoxytrichothec-9-ene-3alpha,4beta,8alpha,15-tetrol, 4,15-diacetate 8-isovalerate; 3-Hydroxy-4,15-diacetoxy-8-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxy-delta(sup 9)-trichothecene; 3-Hydroxy-4,15-diacetoxy-8-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxy-delta-9-trichothecene; 3alpha-Hydroxy-4beta-15-diacetoxy-8alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxy-delta9-tricothecene; 4,15-Diacetoxy-8-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxy-delta-9-trichothecen-3-ol; 4,15-Diacetoxy-8-(3-methylbutyryloxy)scirp-9-en-3-ol; 4-beta,15-Diacetoxy-8-alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-3-alpha-hydroxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene; 8-(3-Methylbutyryloxy)-diacetoxyscirpenol; 8alpha-(3-Methylbutyryloxy)-4beta,15-diacetoxyscirp-9-en-3alpha-ol; Fusariotoxin T 2; Fusariotoxine T2; Insariotoxin; Isaritoxin; Mycotoxin T-2; Scirpenol, 8-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-diacetoxy-; T(sub 2)-Trichothecene; T-2 mycotoxin; T-2 Toxin; T2-Trichothecene; Toxin T2; Trichothec-9-ene-3,4,8,15-tetrol, 12,13-epoxy-, 4,15-diacetate 8-(3-methylbutanoate), (3alpha,4beta,8alpha)-; Trichothec-9-ene-3alpha,4beta,8alpha,15-tetrol, 12,13-epoxy-, 4,15-diacetate 8-isovalerate; [ChemIDplus] UN3462
Category
Mycotoxins
Description
White solid; [HSDB] White powder; [MSDSonline]
Sources/Uses
Trichothecene mycotoxin found in Fusarium tricinctum; Thought to be used in the past as a chemical warfare agent in Southeast Asia; [Merck Index] Produced by various Fusarium fungi; Human exposure has occurred from consumption of contaminated cereals; [HSDB] Produced mainly by Fusarium sporotrichioides; Occasionally found on cereals like wheat and maize; Caused mass human poisonings in Siberia in the last century; [IARC]
Comments
May cause severe irritation and tissue necrosis to skin and mucous membranes; Topical application has caused systemic toxicicity and death in animal studies; [Merck Index] A strong skin irritant; May cause blistering and necrosis to skin; Trichothecene mycotoxins causes bone marrow suppression, leukopenia, immunosuppression, and secondary sepsis; [HSDB] Within minutes, the effects of T-2 mycotoxin include irritation of the skin and injury to the GI and respiratory tracts. In severe cases patients have skin necrosis, fever, ataxia, epistaxis, chest pain, wheezing, hemoptysis, bone marrow depression, hemorrhagic diathesis, and shock. [Weinstein, p. 104]
Biomedical References

Exposure Assessment

Lethal Concentration
LC50 (rat) = 20 mg/m3/10min
Explanatory Notes
The Guide in the Emergency Response Guidebook is for "Toxins, extracted from living sources, solid, n.o.s."

Adverse Effects

Toxic Pneumonitis
Yes
Dermatotoxin
Skin burns
IARC Carcinogen
Not classifiable

Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent

Other Information
No other related information on this agent was found.