Ethalfluralin

Synonyms

Buvilan; Compound 94961; EL 161; EL-161; Edge; Ethalfluraline [ISO-French]; N-Ethyl-N-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenamine; N-Ethyl-N-(2-methylallyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylaniline; N-Ethyl-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-N-(2-methylallyl)-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine; Sonalan; Benzenamine, N-ethyl-N-(2-methyl-2-propen-1-yl)-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-; Benzenamine, N-ethyl-N-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-; p-Toluidine, 2,6-dinitro-N-ethyl-N-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-; [ChemIDplus]

Category

Herbicides, Nitroaromatic

Description

Yellow solid with a mild odor of amines; [HSDB] Yellow to orange solid; Emulsifiable concentrate (~33% active ingredient): yellowish orange liquid; [EFSA]

Sources/Uses

Used as selective pre-emergence herbicide for various grain, seed, and cucurbit crops; Primarily used on soybeans, dry beans, and sunflower seeds; [Reference #1]

Comments

Increased frequency of hepatocellular hyperplasia observed in 2-year feeding study of mice; Hemolytic anemia in 1-year feeding study of dogs; Developmental NOAEL much higher than maternal NOAEL in rats and rabbits; [HSDB] Irritating to skin and eyes of rabbits; May cause skin sensitization; Acute target organs are the liver, kidney, thyroid, and blood; Mutagenic effects with metabolic activation in vitro; “Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.” Mild reversible effects including lachrymation, burning sensation in the eyes, and headaches have been reported by workers in production facilities; [EFSA] A case of facial dermatitis following accidental direct exposure was reported in the California handler database; [Krieger, p. 770] In guinea pig skin sensitization studies, the modified Buehler method showed no sensitization, but the Magnusson and Kligman test was positive; Increased enzyme activity (SGPT and alkaline phosphatase) and increased liver weights observed in 3-month feeding study of mice; No systemic toxicity in dermal study of rabbits; Weakly or not mutagenic; Possible human carcinogen based on animal studies; [Reference #1]

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

8.78E-05 mm Hg

LC50 (rat) = 4980 mg/m3/4hr

Yes

Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Farming (Pesticides)