Citrinin

Synonyms

(3R,4S)-4,6-Dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-6-oxo-3H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid; 3H-2-Benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid, 4,6-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-6-oxo-, (3R-trans)-; 3H-2-Benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid, 4,6-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-6-oxo-, (3R,4S)-; [ChemIDplus]

Category

Mycotoxins

Description

Lemon-yellow solid; [Merck Index]

Sources/Uses

Mycotoxin produced by various species of Penicillium and Aspergillus including strains used to make cheese, sake, and soy sauce; Also found in Monascus species used industrially to make red pigments; Has been identified in foods such as wheat, corn, rice, fermented sausages from Italy, and foods colored with Monascus pigments; [Reference #1]

Comments

Has been associated with yellow rice disease in Japan; Nephrotoxic in experimental animals; [Reference #1] Causes eye irritation in rabbits with conjunctival edema and hyperemia lasting 24 hours post application; Causes gross and histological damage to kidneys in all experimental mammals; Liver necrosis, bile duct proliferation, decreased glycogen in the liver, and increased blood glucose and ALT observed in mice dosed by IP injection; Respiratory effects (stimulation and prostration) noted in animal studies; Benign clear cell adenomas observed in chronic feeding study of rats; [HSDB] A severe skin irritant; Tumorigen, mutagen, and reproductive effector; [RTECS]

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion

Yes

Not classifiable

Other Information

No other related information on this agent was found.