Isobutyronitrile
Agent Name
Isobutyronitrile
CAS Number
78-82-0
Formula
C4-H7-N
Major Category
Nitrogen Compounds
Synonyms
1-Cyano-1-methylethane; 2-Cyanopropane; 2-Methylpropane nitrile; 2-ethylpropanenitrile; 2-Methylpropionitrile; Dimethylacetonitrile; Isobutyronitrile; Isopropyl cyanide; Isopropyl nitrile; Isopropylkyanid [Czech]; Isopropylnitrile; Propanenitrile, 2-methyl-; Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, nitrile; alpha-Methylpropanenitrile; [ChemIDplus] UN2284
Category
Nitriles
Description
Colorless liquid with an almond-like odor; Note: Forms cyanide in the body; [NIOSH]
Sources/Uses
Used in the synthesis of insecticides and gasoline additives; used as a catalyst in the production of polyethylene; [HSDB]
Comments
Isobutyronitrile is hazardous by the oral, skin, or inhalation routes; it causes liver injury in animal feeding studies. Animals inhaling 5500 ppm for one hour have convulsions and die. [HSDB] See "NITRILES."
Biomedical References
Exposure Assessment
Vapor Pressure
32.7 mm Hg
Lethal Concentration
LCLo (rat) = 1,000 ppm/4h
Explanatory Notes
NIOSH REL = 8 ppm; Flash point = 8 deg C; VP from HSDB;
NFPA
may ignite at ambient temp
ERPG-1
10 ppm
ERPG-2
50 ppm
ERPG-3
200 ppm
Adverse Effects
Hepatotoxin
Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion
Other Poison
Chemical Asphyxiant
Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent
Other Information
No other related information on this agent was found.