Auramine is used to dye leather, jute, tanned cotton, and carbon paper; Also used in paints, inking ribbons, ballpoint pastes, oils, and waxes; Paper dyeing and flexographic printing are the most important applications; [Reference #1]
Comments
A Group 1 carcinogen: cancer of the urinary bladder; A study published in 1954 found a 13-fold excess of bladder tumors in men manufacturing auramine in England and Wales. [Reference #1] "These evaluations were typically produced at a time when the available data provided a clear indication of increased cancer risk in an occupational group, but not enough information to identify a causal agent. While such broadly defined carcinogenic agents can lead to general industrial hygiene interventions, provide support to compensate exposed workers and stimulate research to identify specific causes, they have limited utility for informing specific prevention activities and may be affected by changes in process, materials and exposure levels over time." [PMID 29769352] See "Auramine."
Restricted
Production discontinued in the West, but still produced mainly in India and People's Republic of China; [Reference #1]