Dichlorvos
Agent Name
Dichlorvos
Alternative Name
DDVP
CAS Number
62-73-7
Formula
C4-H7-Cl2-O4-P
Major Category
Pesticides
Synonyms
DDVP; 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate; Apavap; Benfos; Cekusan; Cypona; Derriban; Derribante; Devikol; Didivane; Duo-Kill; Duravos; Elastrel; Fly-Bate; Fly-Die; Fly-Fighter; Herkol; Marvex; No-Pest; Prentox; Vaponite; Vapona; Verdican; Verdipor; Verdisol; DDVP
Category
Organophosphate Insecticides
Description
Colorless to amber liquid with a mild, chemical odor. [NIOSH]
Sources/Uses
Used for insect control in food storage areas, greenhouses, and barns; it is not commonly used on field crops; [ATSDR ToxFAQs] Used to kill internal and external parasites of fish, other animals, and humans; [ACGIH]
Comments
A small number of the organophosphates (Ops) can Induce Delayed Neuropathy (OPIDN). OPIDN usually occurs after ingestion and is usually nonoccupational. [Levy, p. 431] Allergic contact dermatitis reported in flower growers and horticulturists; [Kanerva, p. 1780] Because of its relatively high vapor pressure, confined space exposure can cause significant poisoning. [AHLS, p. 237] “The average of two baseline respective cholinesterase activity determinations three days apart, with no exposures to enzyme inhibiting pesticides for at least 30 days, is recommended for each worker prior to exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors because of large inter-individual differences in published baseline values. To be established at least once a year. Removal from workplace exposures is recommended until the cholinesterase activity returns to within 20% of baseline.” [TLVs and BEIs]
Restricted
Classified as "highly toxic," dichlorvos may be used only by certified applicators. [EXTOXNET]
Reference Link #1
Biomedical References
Exposure Assessment
BEI
Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baseline; Butylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baseline; Sample at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]
Skin Designation (ACGIH)
Yes
TLV (ACGIH)
0.1 mg/m3, inhalable fraction and vapor
PEL (OSHA)
1 mg/m3
MAK
1 mg/m3
IDLH (NIOSH)
100 mg/m3
Vapor Pressure
0.0158 mm Hg
Explanatory Notes
VP from HSDB;
NFPA
must be preheated
Adverse Effects
Skin Sensitizer
Yes
Neurotoxin
Predominantly motor
IARC Carcinogen
Possible (2b)
ACGIH Carcinogen
Not Classifiable
Other Poison
Organophosphate
Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent
Diseases
Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:
Processes
Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: