Aniline

Synonyms

Aminobenzene; Aminophen; Anilin [Czech]; Anilina [Italian, Polish]; Aniline; Aniline oil; Anyvim; Arylamine; Benzenamine; Benzene, amino; Benzidam; Blue Oil; C.I. 76000; C.I. Oxidation Base 1; CI 76000; CI Oxidation Base 1; Cyanol; Huile d'aniline [French]; Krystallin; Kyanol; Phenylamine; [ChemIDplus] UN1547

Category

Amines, Aromatic

Description

Colorless to brown, oily liquid with an aromatic amine-like odor; Note: A solid below 21 degrees F; [NIOSH]

Sources/Uses

Used in the synthesis of dyes, rubber additives, drugs, photographic chemicals, isocyanates, and pesticides. [ACGIH] Shake-out operators and other foundry workers were exposed to aniline from the decomposition of heated cold-box binders. [Appl Occup Environ Hyg 2001 Jan;16(1):66-77]

Comments

Skin contamination is the most common route of occupational exposure. Proper plant design and strict industrial hygiene are necessary to prevent spills and clothing contamination. [ILO Encyclo, Aromatic Amino Compounds] Listed in a table of "Industrial Chemicals for Which Methemoglobin Formation is the Principal Cause of Toxicity"; [ACGIH] A severe eye irritant; Mild symptoms of methemoglobinemia have been reported after several hours exposure to 7-53 ppm. [CHEMINFO] See 2021 (Volume 127) monograph at IARC.

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

Total p-aminophenol in urine = 50 mg/L; sample at end of shift; (See notations in ACGIH TLVs and BEIs.)

Yes

2 ppm

5 ppm

2 ppm

100 ppm

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

Human data: Volunteers tolerated 1-hour exposures ranging from 100-160 ppm with only moderate adverse health effects (undefined) [von Oettingen 1941]. It has also been reported that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious consequence [Henderson and Haggard 1943] and that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes [AIHA 1955].

0.667 mm Hg

0.58 ppm

Odor Threshold High

10 ppm

LCLo (rat) = 250 ppm/4H

Explanatory Notes

Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 2.4 ppm); Flash point = 70 deg C; VP from HSDB;

Whole body: 4 hours; [TDR, p. 100]

Reference Link #2

high ambient temp required

MetHgb is primary toxic effect

Probable (2a)

Confirmed Animal

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

• Methemoglobinemia, acute

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Leather Tanning and Processing
• Shakeout, Cleaning, and Finishing

Activities

Activities with risk of exposure:

• Smoking cigarettes