Chromyl chloride
Agent Name
Chromyl chloride
Alternative Name
Chromium oxychloride
CAS Number
14977-61-8
Formula
Cl2-Cr-O2
Major Category
Metals
Synonyms
Chlorochromic anhydride; Chlorure de chromyle [French]; Chromic oxychloride; Chromium (VI) dioxychloride; Chromium chloride oxide; Chromium chloride oxide (CrO2Cl2); Chromium dichloride dioxide; Chromium dioxide dichloride; Chromium oxychloride (CrO2Cl2); Chromium(VI) dioxychloride; Chromium, dichlorodioxo-; Chromoxychlorid [German]; Chromyl chloride (CrO2Cl2); Chromylchlorid [German]; Chroomoxychloride [Dutch]; Cromile, cloruro di [Italian]; Cromo, ossicloruro di [Italian]; Dichlorodioxochromium; Dioxodichlorochromium; Oxychlorure chromique [French]; [ChemIDplus] UN1758
Category
Chromium Compounds, Inorganic
Description
Deep-red liquid with a musty, burning, acrid odor; Note: Fumes in moist air; [NIOSH] "Opaque, dark, blood-red liquid at room temp."; Reacts vigorously in water at 20 deg C to form Cr(VI) trioxide (sparingly soluble in water), HCL, and Cl2; [ACGIH]
Sources/Uses
Used in organic synthesis, as a solvent for CrO3, and as a catalyst; [ACGIH]
Comments
Liquid causes second or third degree burns after short contact; [CHRIS] Releases large amounts of HCl when spilled in water; [ERG 2016] No animal or human data available, but treated as a water soluble form of hexavalent chromium; Insufficient data for carcinogenicity notation; [ACGIH] A corrosive substance that can cause pulmonary edema after inhalation of vapor; [ICSC] Chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium may produce evidence of kidney and liver injury. [ATSDR Case Studies # 4] See "Chromium" and linked occupational diseases.
Biomedical References
Exposure Assessment
Skin Designation (ACGIH)
Yes
Bioaccumulates
Yes
TIH
Yes
TLV (ACGIH)
0.0001 ppm, as Cr(VI), inhalable fraction and vapor
Dangerous When Wet
Yes
STEL (ACGIH)
0.00025 ppm, as Cr(VI), inhalable fraction and vapor
Vapor Pressure
20 mm Hg
Explanatory Notes
Not TIH in land-based spills, but TiH substance released when spilled in water; [ERG 2016]
Reference Link #2
NFPA
will not burn
Adverse Effects
Skin Sensitizer
Yes
Asthma
Yes
Toxic Pneumonitis
Yes
Hepatotoxin
Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion
Nephrotoxin
Yes
Dermatotoxin
Skin burns
IARC Carcinogen
Established
NTP Carcinogen
Human carcinogen
ACGIH Carcinogen
Confirmed Human
Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent
Diseases
Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:
Processes
Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: