Dimethyl acetamide

Synonyms

Acetamide, N,N-dimethyl-; Acetdimethylamide; Acetic acid, dimethylamide; Acetyldimethylamine; CBC 510337; DMA; DMAC; Dimethylacetamide; Dimethylacetone amide; Dimethylamid kyseliny octove [Czech]; Dimethylamide acetate; N,N-Dimethylacetamide; N,N-Dimethylethanamide; SK 7176; U-5954; [ChemIDplus] UN1993

Category

Amides (<C10)

Description

Colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor; [NIOSH]

Sources/Uses

Used as a solvent for "many organic reactions, resins, polymers, crystallization, and purification." [ACGIH] Used as a solvent in plastics, resins, and gums; Also used as a catalyst and paint remover; [Hawley] Used in synthetic fiber and resin industries; Used as a solvent in elastane fiber factories; [Reference #1]

Comments

Toxic hepatitis has been reported in workers after inhalation and dermal exposure. DMAC is fetotoxic and teratogenic when administered at high doses to rabbits and rats. NOAEL = 25 ppm for hepatic and renal toxicity in rats and mice. Humans exposed to high doses may experience mental confusion. [ACGIH] A skin and eye irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations may cause liver and CNS effects; [ICSC] In a study of 440 new elastone fiber workers, 28 cases with elevated liver enzymes were detected in a 31 month period from 2002 to 2004. Using the BEI of 30 mg/g creatinine as a cutoff, the incidence of hepatic injury was about 7 times greater in the high exposure group. [Reference #1]

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

M-Methylacetamide in urine = 30 mg/g creatinine; end of shift at end of workweek;

Yes

10 ppm

10 ppm

5 ppm

300 ppm

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Deichmann and Gerarde [1969] that acute inhalation at 406 and 575 ppm causes some deaths and degeneration of the liver in several species of laboratory animals. Although no time period is specified for that exposure, the chosen IDLH is probably reasonable, and perhaps even conservative, because Patty [1963] reported that liver injury was noted only in some rats and dogs exposed to repeated inhalation at 100 to 200 ppm [Horn].

2 mm Hg

21 ppm

Odor Threshold High

47 ppm

LC50 (rat) = 2,475 ppm/1H

Explanatory Notes

Odor threshold from "Quick Guide: The Electronic NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards"; Flash point = 70 deg C; VP from HSDB;

high ambient temp required

Acute solvent syndrome

Occupational hepatotoxin (principal effect)

Yes

Yes

Possible (2b)

Confirmed Animal

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

• Hepatitis, chemical
• Solvents, acute toxic effect

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Plastic Composites Manufacturing
• Semiconductor Manufacturing