Dinitrobenzene
Agent Name
Dinitrobenzene
CAS Number
25154-54-5
Formula
C6-H4-N2-O4
Major Category
Nitrogen Compounds
Synonyms
Benzene, dinitro-; DNB; Dinitrobenzenes; Dinitrobenzol; Dinitrobenzene, mixed; [ChemIDplus] UN3443; UN1597
Category
Nitros, Aromatic
Description
White to pale yellow solid; [ICSC]
Sources/Uses
Used to make other chemicals, in dyes, and as a camphor substitute in cellulose nitrate; [Hawley]
Comments
Emergency treatment: "Nitrobenzene"; Nitrobenzene causes skin irritation; It is toxic by all routes causing methemoglobinemia and liver injury; Estimated lethal dose in adults is 1-5 grams; [HSDB] An eye and respiratory tract irritant; Can be absorbed through skin; May induce methemoglobinemia and liver injury; May cause impairment of visual acuity; Reproductive toxin in animal testing; [ICSC] See "p-Dinitrobenzene."
Biomedical References
Exposure Assessment
BEI
Methemoglobin in blood = 1.5% of hemoglobin during or at end of shift. [ACGIH]
Skin Designation (ACGIH)
Yes
TLV (ACGIH)
1 mg/m3, inhalable fraction and vapor
PEL (OSHA)
1 mg/m3
Vapor Pressure
0.00103 mm Hg
Explanatory Notes
The Guide in the Emergency Response Guidebook is for "Dinitrobenzenes, solid." VP from ChemIDplus;
Adverse Effects
Methemoglobinemia
MetHgb is secondary toxic effect
Hepatotoxin
Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion
Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent
Other Information
No other related information on this agent was found.