Morpholine

Synonyms

1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-; 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-; Diethylene imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; Diethyleneimide oxide; Diethylenimide oxide; Drewamine; Morpholine; Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine; Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine; p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-; [ChemIDplus] UN2054

Category

Morpholines

Description

Colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor. [Note: A solid below 23 degrees F.]; [NIOSH]

Sources/Uses

Used as a solvent for resins, waxes, casein and dyes; morpholine compounds are used as emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, plasticizers, pesticides, antiseptics, etc. [Merck Index]

Comments

Liver damage is prominent in animals exposed to high concentrations. Skin, eye, and respiratory irritation, but no chronic health effects, were reported after occupational exposure. [ACGIH] Corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] A corrosive substance that can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC]

Biomedical References

Yes

20 ppm

20 ppm

5 ppm

1400 ppm

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

Other animal data: No deaths resulted from exposures of 6 rats to 8,000 ppm for 8 hours [Smyth et al. 1954]. Human data: Irritation of the nose has been reported after a 1­minute exposure to 12,000 ppm and coughing started after 1.5 minutes; it was suggested that this concentration would probable be intolerable for long periods [Shea 1939].

10.1 mm Hg

0.01 ppm

Odor Threshold High

0.07 ppm

LC50 (rat) = 8,000 ppm/8H

Explanatory Notes

IDLH =10% LEL; Detection odor threshold from AIHA (mean = 0.011 ppm); Flash point = 38 deg C; VP from HSDB;

may ignite at ambient temp

Yes

Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion

Skin burns

Not classifiable

Not Classifiable

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Plastic Composites Manufacturing