Sodium fluoroacetate

Synonyms

SFA; Sodium monofluoroacetate; [NIOSH] Fluoroacetic acid, sodium salt; Fratol; Furatol; Compound 1080; Ratbane 1080; Sodium fluoroacetic acid; 1018; 1080; [ACGIH] UN2629

Category

Rodenticides

Description

Fluffy, colorless to white (sometimes dyed black), odorless powder. [Note: A liquid above 95 degrees F.] [rodenticide] [NIOSH]

Sources/Uses

Used to eliminate coyotes and rodents; [ACGIH]

Comments

A metabolic poison that combines with acetyl coenzyme A, causing the formation of fluorocitrate, which disrupts the Krebs cycle; Symptoms usually begin within 3 hours of ingestion. Patients die from ventricular fibrillation, frequently associated with hypokalemia and hypocalcemia. [Ford, p. 856-7] Very toxic by inhalation of dust, skin absorption, or ingestion; [CHEMINFO] 5 mg/kg is the estimated lethal oral dose for humans. After a lethal dose, death is preceded by seizures and ventricular fibrillation. [ACGIH] Damages the liver and kidneys in poisoning cases; [Merck Index] Poisoning cases may resemble those caused by other cellular toxins (hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfide), but onset of symptoms is usually slower for fluoroacetate; [Olson, p. 242]

Use restricted in the US to livestock collars to protect sheep and cattle from coyotes; Used to control vertebrates in Australia and New Zealand; [Olson, p. 242]

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

Yes

0.05 mg/m3

0.05 mg/m3

0.05 mg/m3, inhalable fraction

2.5 mg/m3

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

Human data: The probable oral lethal dose has been reported to be 50 mg [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969]. [Note: An oral dose of 50 mg is equivalent to a worker being exposed to about 30 mg/m3 for 30 minutes, assuming a breathing rate of 50 liters per minute and 100% absorption.]

Explanatory Notes

A non-combustible solid; Vapor pressure is approximately zero.[CHEMINFO]

Other CNS neurotoxin

Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Farming (Pesticides)