Phalloidin
Agent Name
Phalloidin
CAS Number
17466-45-4
Formula
C35-H48-N8-O11-S
Major Category
Biological Agents
Synonyms
Cyclic(L-alanyl-D-threonyl-L-cysteinyl-cis-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-2-mercapto-L-tryptophyl-4,5-dihydroxy-L-leucyl), cyclic (3,6)-sulfide; Phalloidine; [ChemIDplus] UN3462
Category
Mushroom Toxins
Description
White solid; [MSDSonline]
Sources/Uses
A toxin from the poisonous green fungus Amanita phalloides; [Merck Index] Used for physiological studies; [HSDB]
Comments
10 to 20 times less toxic than alpha-amanitin, but faster acting; [Merck Index] Intraperitoneal LD50 (mouse) = 2 mg/kg; [RTECS] "Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage." [ChemIDplus] Emergency treatment: "Mushrooms- cyclopeptides"; [HSDB] May cause irritation; May be fatal by inhalation, skin absorption, and ingestion; Targets the kidneys and liver; Unlike amanitin poisoning, which may be delayed for 12 to 24 hours, phalloidin can be fatal in 1 to 2 hours; [Aldrich MSDS] See "alpha-Amanitin."
Reference Link #1
Biomedical References
Exposure Assessment
Explanatory Notes
The Guide in the Emergency Response Guidebook is for "Toxins, extracted from living sources, solid, n.o.s."
Adverse Effects
Neurotoxin
Other CNS neurotoxin
Hepatotoxin
Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion
Diseases, Processes, and Activities Linked to This Agent
Other Information
No other related information on this agent was found.