Phthalimide

Synonyms

1,2-Benzenedicarboximide; 1,3-Isoindolinedione; 1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione; Benzoimide; Ftalimmide [Italian]; Isoindole-1,3-dione; Phenylimide; Phthalimid [German]; o-Phthalic imide; [ChemIDplus]

Category

Other Nitrogen Rings

Description

White solid; [Hawley] White to light tan solid; [CAMEO] White crystalline powder; [Alfa Aesar MSDS]

Sources/Uses

Used to make dyes, primary amines, amino acids, and Folpet (fungicide); Also used as a fungicide, laboratory reagent, and inhibitor of oxidation and photochemical reactions; [HSDB]

Comments

Highly irritating to skin, eyes, and upper respiratory tract; No teratogenic effects observed in rabbits at doses of 150mg/kg on days 7-12 of pregnancy; Emergency treatment: "Phthalimide fungicides"; Phthalimide fungicides include Captan and Captafol that are of "low order of acute toxicity." Both are skin sensitizers that in animal experiments can cause cancer and liver, reproductive, and developmental toxicity. [HSDB] Not irritating to skin and mildly irritating to eyes of rabbits; In 4-week inhalation study of rats, no gross, hematological, or histopathological findings; No evidence of mutagenicity; Of about twelve studies, only two produced any evidence of teratogenicity; [IUCLID] Not teratogenic in rabbits at 150 mg/kg/day; Rabbits are very sensitive to teratogenic effects of thalidomide (suspected human teratogen), of which phthalimide is a residue; [REPROTOX] An irritant; Can be absorbed through skin; [Alfa Aesar MSDS] See "Captan" and "Captafol." See "N-(Cyclohexylthio)phthalimide."

Biomedical References

1E-08 mm Hg

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Farming (Pesticides)