Synonyms
C.I. 77795; Liquid bright platinum; Platin [German]; Platinum Black; Platinum sponge; Platinum, elemental; Platinum, metal; [ChemIDplus]
Sources/Uses
Found alloyed with iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium in gravels and sands; [Merck Index] Used to make apparatus for laboratory and industrial use (thermocouples, platinum resistance thermometers, acid proof containers, electrodes, etc.); in dentistry, jewelry, and electroplating; in spinnerets for making rayon, electrical contacts, and glass fiber; in permanent magnets; to increase the octane number of liquid fuels; in automobile catalytic converters; as catalyst for curing of plastics; as catalyst for dehydrogenation, isomerization, and oxidation in the production of sulfuric, nitric, and organic acids and amines; for surgical instruments and implants; Platinum nanoparticles are used in scanning probes (microscopy) and catalysts; [HSDB]
Comments
A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; [Merck Index] Catalytic material that is fire and explosion hazard on contact with many organic and inorganic substances; An eye and respiratory tract irritant; (powdered form) [ICSC] Platinum oxides and soluble platinum salts are sensitizers. Platinum is nontoxic in the metallic state, except possibly for the fine powdered form. [Sullivan, p. 911, 913] Platinum dust is inert and nonallergenic; [Nordberg, p. 1136] Tram drivers in Rome were exposed to Pt, Rh and Pd from catalytic converters at levels about 10 times lower than those known to cause adverse effects in workers. [
PMID 18849761] In a study of platinum nanoparticles, platinum ions were not released into the culture media suggesting minimal cellular influence; [
PMID 21804981] See "Platinum, soluble salts."