Stibine

Synonyms

Antimony hydride; Antimony trihydride; Hydrogen antimonide; [NIOSH] UN2676

Category

Hydrides

Description

Colorless gas with a disagreeable odor like hydrogen sulfide; [NIOSH] Antimony hydride is 4 times as heavy as air--accumulates in low-lying areas; [ACGIH]

Sources/Uses

Stibine gas may be formed during battery overcharging or when antimony compounds come in contact with an acid plus a reducing substance such as zinc. Stibine is used as a dopant in the microelectronics industry. Has been used as a fumigant; [ACGIH]

Comments

A few cases of occupational stibine poisoning have been reported. Like arsine, stibine is a hemolytic agent that also injures the kidneys and liver. [ACGIH] A respiratory tract irritant that may have effects on the blood (hemolysis), liver, kidneys, and CNS; [ICSC] Liquefied gas may cause burns or frostbite; [CAMEO] Animals exposed to lethal concentrations develop anemia, hemoglobinuria, and acute renal failure. [HSDB] See "Antimony" and linked occupational diseases.

Biomedical References

Insufficient data

Yes

0.005 ppm

0.1 ppm

5 ppm

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

Other animal data: It has been reported that exposure of dogs and cats to 40 to 45 ppm for 1 hour has proven dangerous [Webster 1946].

LCLo (mice) = 100 ppm/1H

burn readily

Insufficient data

0.5 ppm

1.5 ppm

Hemolytic anemia

Hepatoxic (a) from occupational exposure (secondary effect) or (b) in animal studies or in humans after ingestion

Yes

Probable (2a)

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

• Acute tubular necrosis
• Hemolytic anemia, acute

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Semiconductor Manufacturing