Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate

Synonyms

TDI; 2,4-Diisocyanato-1-methylbenzene; 2,4-Diisocyanatotoluene; 2,4-TDI; 2,4-Tolylene diisocyanate; 4-Methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate; Benzene, 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methyl-; Cresorcinol diisocyanate; Desmodur T80; Di-iso-cyanatoluene; Di-isocyanate de toluylene [French]; Diisocyanat-toluol [German]; Hylene T; Hylene tlc; Isocyanic acid, 4-methyl-m-phenylene ester; Mondur TD; Mondur TD-80; Mondur TDS; Nacconate IOO; TDI; TDI-80; Tolueen-diisocyanaat [Dutch]; Toluen-disocianato [Italian]; Toluene, 2,4-diisocyanato-; Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate; Toluilenodwuizocyjanian [Polish]; Toluylene-2,4-diisocyanate; Tolyene 2,4-diisocyanate; Tolylene diisocyanate; Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate; Tuluylendiisocyanat [German]; [ChemIDplus] UN2078

Category

Diisocyanates

Description

Colorless to pale-yellow solid or liquid (above 71 degrees F) with a sharp, pungent odor; [NIOSH]

Sources/Uses

Occupational asthma reported in floor varnishers and in workers manufacturing polyurethane foams and elastomers; [Malo]

Comments

Liquid causes second degree burns after contact for a few minutes. [CHRIS] May cause skin sensitization and pulmonary edema; [ICSC] Cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (TDI HP and MDI HP) have been reported. [Rom, p. 388-90] Can cause lacrimation, photophobia, and lid edema; [HSDB] Danger of airway sensitization; [MAK] No major toxicological differences between the various isomers and commercial mixtures of TDI; TLV Basis: asthma; pulmonary function; eye irritation; [ACGIH] See Sennbro CJ, et al. Biological monitoring of exposure to toluene diisocyanate. Scand J Work Environ Health 2004;30(5):371-378] See "DIISOCYANATES."

Reference Link #1

Biomedical References

Toluene diamine in urine (with hydrolysis) = 5 ug/g creatine at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]

Yes

0.001 ppm, inhalable fraction and vapor

0.005 ppm, inhalable fraction and vapor

Ceiling(OSHA) = 0.02 ppm

0.001 ppm

2.5 ppm

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs

Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for toluene­2,4­diisocyanate is 2.5 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Duncan et al. 1962]. Since in sensitized individuals, even concentrations below the OSHA PEL are capable of triggering the allergic response, the revised IDLH has not been based on data obtained from the exposures of individuals or animals sensitized to TDI.

0.008 mm Hg

0.05 ppm

Odor Threshold High

2.4 ppm

LC50 (rat) = 14 ppm/4 hr

Explanatory Notes

Odor threshold from CHEMINFO; Flash point = 127 deg C; [ICSC] Odor threshold = 50 ppb with about 1/2 of volunteers detecting and identifying the material at 400 ppb; [ACGIH] VP from HSDB;

Whole body: a few hours; [TDR, p. 1156]

Reference Link #2

must be preheated

0.01 ppm

0.15 ppm

0.6 ppm

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Skin burns

Possible (2b)

Anticipated human carcinogen

Confirmed Animal

Diseases

Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:

• Asthma, occupational
• Contact dermatitis, allergic
• Isocyanate HP

Processes

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:

• Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
• Plastic Composites Manufacturing
• Working with Glues and Adhesives