Major Category
Biological Agents
Synonyms
Arizole; C 30 (pine oil); Dertol 90; Dwarf pine needle oil; Essential oils, pine; Essential pine oil; Glico 150; Glidsol 150; Oil of fir, Siberian; Oil of pine; Oils, essential, pine; Oils, pine; Oils, pine wood; Oils, pine, synthetic; Oleum abietis; Oulo 02; Pine Oil C 30; Pine needle oil; Pine oil absolute; Pine oil, synthetic; Pine oil, white (Pinus spp.); Pine wood oil; Polyiff 272; RT 1712; Terpentinoel [German]; Unipine; Unipine 80; Unipine 85; Yarmor; Yarmor 302; Yarmor 60; Yarmor F; Yarmor pine oil; Yarmor pine oil (Pinus palustris MilL.); Pine tar oil; [ChemIDplus] UN1272
Category
Wood Dusts & Extracts
Description
Colorless to yellow or light amber liquid; Penetrating odor of pine; [HSDB] Colorless to pale yellow liquid; [Reference #1]
Sources/Uses
Used as odorant, disinfectant, penetrant, wetting agent, preservative (textile and paper industries), and laboratory reagent; Used in fragrances, insecticides, deodorants, polishes, sweeping compounds, and cattle sprays; Used to make perfumery-grade terpineol, anethole, fenchone, and camphor; Also used for ore flotation (copper, lead, and zinc) and to separate PVC from mixtures of plastics; [HSDB] Used as general disinfectant, sanitizer, microbiocide/microbiostat, virucide, and insecticide for indoor commercial, residential, and medical applications; [Reference #1] "A complex combination of terpenes produced by the high temperature distillation of oil of turpentine residues or by the catalytic hydration of pinenes. Composed primarily of isomeric tertiary and secondary cyclic terpene alcohols. May contain terpene hydrocarbons and ethers. Exact composition varies with production methods and turpentine source." [TSCA Definition 2008]
Comments
A mixture of variable composition with alpha-terpineol being the primary active ingredient; Numerous reports of human ingestion poisonings; A 13-week dermal study of rats produced a systemic NOAEL of >226 mg/kg/day (highest tested dose) and a dermal NOAEL of <50 mg/kg/day (desquamation, scabbing, and erythema); Effects to fetuses observed at doses overtly maternally toxic in rats dosed by gavage on days 6-15 of gestation (maternal and developmental NOAEL’s are 50 mg/kg/day); No evidence of mutagenicity; [HSDB] A skin irritant; Inhalation of vapors can cause headache, confusion, and respiratory distress; Ingestion can irritate entire digestive tract and may cause kidney injury; [CAMEO] Eye irritation lasts up to 16 days; A moderate skin irritant; A developmental toxicity study of rats produced maternal effects and malformations with a NOAEL of 600 mg/kg/day; Human incidents of irritation, rash, allergic reactions, blurred vision, and respiratory symptoms are reported mainly after ingestion; [Reference #1] Ingestion of large quantities of pine needles in late pregnancy causes premature parturition in several animal species; [REPROTOX] A severe skin irritant; Causes excitement, ataxia, and headache in man at oral dose of 4,700 mg/kg; Causes other changes in lungs and liver, gastritis, somnolence, and ataxia in oral lethal-dose studies of rats; [RTECS] The pine tree is one of the "Plants Causing Allergic Contact Dermatitis." [Marks, p. 244] See "alpha-Terpineol."
Lethal Concentration
LC50 (rat) > 3,670 mg/m3
NFPA
high ambient temp required
Neurotoxin
Acute solvent syndrome
Diseases
Occupational diseases associated with exposure to this agent:
Processes
Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: