Osteomalacia

Category

Chronic Poisoning

Acute/Chronic

Chronic

Synonyms

Itai-Itai

Biomedical References

Comments

Osteomalacia is one of the adverse effects of chronic cadmium poisoning. Environmental cadmium poisoning from rice contaminated by mining runoff caused "Itai Itai" or "ouch ouch" disease in Japan in the 1970s. These patients, primarily middle aged women, suffered from osteomalacia and pseudofractures secondary to increased losses of urinary calcium and phosphorus. [ATSDR Case Studies # 10]

Latency/Incubation

Years to decades

Diagnostic

X-rays

ICD-9 Code

268.2

ICD-10 Code

M83.9

Symptoms/Findings

Symptoms/Findings associated with this disease:

• limb pain
• low back pain

Agents

Hazardous agents that cause the occupational disease:

• Cadmium (2+) NTA
• Cadmium 2-ethylhexanoate
• Cadmium acetate
• Cadmium
• Cadmium bromide
• Cadmium carbonate
• Cadmium chloride
• Cadmium chloride hydrate
• Cadmium cyanide
• Cadmium fluoborate
• Cadmium fluoride
• Cadmium hydroxide
• Cadmium(II) perchlorate
• Cadmium iodide
• Cadmium mercury sulfide
• Cadmium nitrate
• Cadmium oxide
• Cadmium phosphate
• Cadmium phosphide
• Cadmium propionate
• Cadmium selenide
• Cadmium selenide sulfide
• Cadmium silicate
• Cadmium stearate
• Cadmium sulfate
• Cadmium sulfate hydrate
• Cadmium sulfide
• Cadmium sulfite
• Cadmium telluride
• Cadmium tungstate(VI)
• Cadmium, bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)-
• Dimethylcadmium